Python使用BeautifulSoup解析本地HTML文件详解

Aria

发布时间：2026-10-13| 6人浏览过

原创

本文介绍如何使用Python的Beautiful库读取本地HTML文件，并通过CSS选择器提取特定网页元素。文章提供了两种代码实现方式，对比了select方法的等效写法以及获取文本的多种途径，最后附带示例HTML结构，帮助开发者快速掌握本地网页数据的解析技巧。

具体实现代码如下所示：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
path = './web/new_index.html'
with open(path, 'r') as f:
 Soup = BeautifulSoup(f.read(), 'lxml')
 titles = Soup.select('ul > li > div.article-info > h3 > a')
for title in titles:
 print(title.text)

输出：
Sardinia's top 10 beaches
How to get tanned
How to be an Aussie beach bum
Summer's cheat sheet

#其中
titles = Soup.select('ul > li > div.article-info > h3 > a')
#等效
titles = Soup.select('h3 a')

print(title.text)
#等效
print(title.get_text())
print(title.string)

此外，还可以采用以下代码进行替代操作

import bs4 
 
path = './web/new_index.html' 
 
with open(path, 'r') as f: 
 Soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(f.read(), 'lxml') 
 
 titles = Soup.select('h3 a') 
for title in titles: 
 print(title.string)

示例HTML源码如下：

<html>
<head>
 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="new_blah.css" rel="external nofollow" >
</head>
<body>
 <div class="header">
  <img src="images/blah.png">
  <ul class="nav">
   <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Home</a></li>
   <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Site</a></li>
   <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Other</a></li>
  </ul>
 </div>
 <div class="main-content">
  <h2>Article</h2>
  <ul class="articles">
   <li>
    <img src="images/0001.jpg" width="100" height="91">
    <div class="article-info">
     <h3><a href="www.sample.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Sardinia's top 10 beaches</a></h3>
     <p class="meta-info">
      <span class="meta-cate">fun</span>
      <span class="meta-cate">Wow</span>
     </p>
     <p class="description">white sands and turquoise waters</p>
    </div>
    <div class="rate">
     <span class="rate-score">4.5</span>
    </div>
   </li>
   <li>
    <img src="images/0002.jpg" width="100" height="91">
    <div class="article-info">
     <h3><a href="www.sample.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >How to get tanned</a></h3>
     <p class="meta-info">
      <span class="meta-cate">butt</span><span class="meta-cate">NSFW</span>
     </p>
     <p class="description">hot bikini girls on beach</p>
    </div>
    <div class="rate">
     <img src="images/Fire.png" width="18" height="18">
     <span class="rate-score">5.0</span>
    </div>
   </li>
   <li>
    <img src="images/0003.jpg" width="100" height="91">
    <div class="article-info">
     <h3><a href="www.sample.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >How to be an Aussie beach bum</a></h3>
     <p class="meta-info">
      <span class="meta-cate">sea</span>
     </p>
     <p class="description">To make the most of your visit</p>
    </div>
    <div class="rate">
     <span class="rate-score">3.5</span>
    </div>
   </li>
   <li>
    <img src="images/0004.jpg" width="100" height="91">
    <div class="article-info">
     <h3><a href="www.sample.com" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >Summer's cheat sheet</a></h3>
     <p class="meta-info">
      <span class="meta-cate">bay</span>
      <span class="meta-cate">boat</span>
      <span class="meta-cate">beach</span>
     </p>
     <p class="description">choosing a beach in Cape Cod</p>
    </div>
    <div class="rate">
     <span class="rate-score">3.0</span>
    </div>
   </li>
  </ul>
 </div>
 <div class="footer">
  <p>&copy; Mugglecoding</p>
 </div>
</body>
</html>

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