Python实现生成福字图片：原理与完整代码解析

Jasper

发布时间：2026-10-15| 6人浏览过

原创

本文介绍如何利用Python生成精美的福字图片。通过调用外部API获取汉字矢量模型，结合PIL库进行图像缩放、合成与排版，实现从单个汉字到完整福字的自动化生成。文章提供了详细的代码逻辑解析及完整可运行示例，适合Python初学者了解网络请求与图像处理的基础应用。

前言：

支付宝 2022 集五福活动正式开启

数据显示，过去六年累计参与支付宝集五福的人数已经超过了 7 亿，每 2 个中国人里就有 1 个曾扫福、集福、送福。

一，扫五福活动如此火爆，为何不自己利用编程来生成福字！

首先作品奉上：

①，导入python库

import io
from PIL import Image
import requests

②，利用爬虫，获取单个汉字

def get_word(ch, quality):
    fp = io.BytesIO(requests.post(url='http://xufive.sdysit.com/tk', data={'ch':ch}).content)
    im = Image.open(fp)
    w, h = im.size
    if quality == 'M':
        w, h = int(w*0.75), int(0.75*h)
    elif quality == 'L':
        w, h = int(w*0.5), int(0.5*h)
    return im.resize((w,h))

def get_word 的作用为爬取我们需要的汉字模型。如图：

③，爬取背景底图

def get_bg(quality):
    return get_word('bg', quality)

④，图片格式大小，配置函数

def write_couplets(text, HorV='V', quality='L', out_file=None):
    usize = {'H':(640,23), 'M':(480,18), 'L':(320,12)}
    bg_im = get_bg(quality)
    text_list = [list(item) for item in text.split()]
    rows = len(text_list)
    cols = max([len(item) for item in text_list])
    if HorV == 'V':
        ow, oh = 40+rows*usize[quality][0]+(rows-1)*10, 40+cols*usize[quality][0]
    else:
        ow, oh = 40+cols*usize[quality][0], 40+rows*usize[quality][0]+(rows-1)*10
    out_im = Image.new('RGBA', (ow, oh), '#f0f0f0')
    for row in range(rows):
        if HorV == 'V':
            row_im = Image.new('RGBA', (usize[quality][0], cols*usize[quality][0]), 'white')
            offset = (ow-(usize[quality][0]+10)*(row+1)-10, 20)
        else:
            row_im = Image.new('RGBA', (cols*usize[quality][0], usize[quality][0]), 'white')
            offset = (20, 20+(usize[quality][0]+10)*row)
        for col, ch in enumerate(text_list[row]):
            if HorV == 'V':
                pos = (0, col*usize[quality][0])
            else:
                pos = (col*usize[quality][0],0)

            ch_im = get_word(ch, quality)
            row_im.paste(bg_im, pos)
            row_im.paste(ch_im, (pos[0]+usize[quality][1], pos[1]+usize[quality][1]), mask=ch_im)

        out_im.paste(row_im, offset)

    if out_file:
        out_im.convert('RGB').save(out_file)
    out_im.show()

⑤,成品展示

二，完整代码

完整代码奉上，需要先安装需要的python库。

import io
from PIL import Image
import requests
def get_word(ch, quality):
    fp = io.BytesIO(requests.post(url='http://xufive.sdysit.com/tk', data={'ch':ch}).content)
    im = Image.open(fp)
    w, h = im.size
    if quality == 'M':
        w, h = int(w*0.75), int(0.75*h)
    elif quality == 'L':
        w, h = int(w*0.5), int(0.5*h)
    return im.resize((w,h))
def get_bg(quality):
    return get_word('bg', quality)
def write_couplets(text, HorV='V', quality='L', out_file=None):
    usize = {'H':(640,23), 'M':(480,18), 'L':(320,12)}
    bg_im = get_bg(quality)
    text_list = [list(item) for item in text.split()]
    rows = len(text_list)
    cols = max([len(item) for item in text_list])
    if HorV == 'V':
        ow, oh = 40+rows*usize[quality][0]+(rows-1)*10, 40+cols*usize[quality][0]
    else:
        ow, oh = 40+cols*usize[quality][0], 40+rows*usize[quality][0]+(rows-1)*10
    out_im = Image.new('RGBA', (ow, oh), '#f0f0f0')
    for row in range(rows):
        if HorV == 'V':
            row_im = Image.new('RGBA', (usize[quality][0], cols*usize[quality][0]), 'white')
            offset = (ow-(usize[quality][0]+10)*(row+1)-10, 20)
        else:
            row_im = Image.new('RGBA', (cols*usize[quality][0], usize[quality][0]), 'white')
            offset = (20, 20+(usize[quality][0]+10)*row)
        for col, ch in enumerate(text_list[row]):
            if HorV == 'V':
                pos = (0, col*usize[quality][0])
            else:
                pos = (col*usize[quality][0],0)

            ch_im = get_word(ch, quality)
            row_im.paste(bg_im, pos)
            row_im.paste(ch_im, (pos[0]+usize[quality][1], pos[1]+usize[quality][1]), mask=ch_im)

        out_im.paste(row_im, offset)

    if out_file:
        out_im.convert('RGB').save(out_file)
    out_im.show()
text = '福'
write_couplets(text, HorV='V', quality='M', out_file='福.jpg')