Python实现窗口截图的三种高效方法：win32gui、pyautogui与PyQt对比

pip install Pillow
pip install win32gui

from win32gui import *  # 操作windows窗口
from PIL import ImageGrab  # 操作图像
import win32con  # 系统操作

names = set()

def get_window_title(window, nouse):
    '''
    获取窗口标题函数
    :param window: 窗口对象
    :param nouse:
    :return:
    '''

    if IsWindow(window) and IsWindowEnabled(window) and IsWindowVisible(window):

        names.add(GetWindowText(window))

EnumWindows(get_window_title, 0)

list_ = [name for name in names if name]

for n in list_:

    print('活动窗口: ', n)

name = input('请输入需要截图的活动窗口名称: \n')

window = FindWindow(0, name)  # 根据窗口名称获取窗口对象

ShowWindow(window, win32con.SW_MAXIMIZE)  # 将该窗口最大化

x_start, y_start, x_end, y_end = GetWindowRect(window)

# 坐标信息
box = (x_start, y_start, x_end, y_end)

image = ImageGrab.grab(box)

image.show()  # 图片展示，如果截完图需要展示则放开此项

image.save('target.png')

print('截图已经保存完成！')

import pyautogui
import cv2
import numpy as np

img = pyautogui.screenshot(region=[300,50, 200, 100])  # 分别代表：左上角坐标，宽高
#对获取的图片转换成二维矩阵形式，后再将RGB转成BGR
#因为imshow,默认通道顺序是BGR，而pyautogui默认是RGB所以要转换一下，不然会有点问题
img = cv2.cvtColor(np.asarray(img), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)

cv2.imshow("截屏",img)
cv2.waitKey(0)

import win32gui

hwnd_title = dict() #创建字典保存窗口的句柄与名称映射关系


def get_all_hwnd(hwnd, mouse):
    if win32gui.IsWindow(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd):
        hwnd_title.update({hwnd: win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)})

win32gui.EnumWindows(get_all_hwnd, 0)

for h, t in hwnd_title.items():
    if t!= "":
        print(h, t)

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
import win32gui
import sys
#这个是截取全屏的
hwnd = win32gui.FindWindow(None, 'C:/Windows/system32/cmd.exe')
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
screen = QApplication.primaryScreen()
img = screen.grabWindow(hwnd).toImage()
img.save("screenshot.jpg")

def convertQImageToMat(incomingImage):
    '''  Converts a QImage into an opencv MAT format  '''
    # Format_RGB32 = 4,存入格式为B,G,R,A 对应 0,1,2,3
    # RGB32图像每个像素用32比特位表示，占4个字节，
    # R，G，B分量分别用8个bit表示，存储顺序为B，G，R，最后8个字节保留
    incomingImage = incomingImage.convertToFormat(4)
    width = incomingImage.width()
    height = incomingImage.height()

    ptr = incomingImage.bits()
    ptr.setsize(incomingImage.byteCount())
    arr = np.array(ptr).reshape(height, width, 4)  # Copies the data
    # arr为BGRA，4通道图片
    return arr

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
import win32gui
import sys
import cv2
import numpy as np
hwnd = win32gui.FindWindow(None, '剑士之魂中文版小游戏,在线玩,4399小游戏 - 360安全浏览器 13.1')
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
screen = QApplication.primaryScreen()
img = screen.grabWindow(hwnd).toImage()

img=convertQImageToMat(img)#将获取的图像从QImage转换为RBG格式
cv2.imshow("asd",img)      #imshow
cv2.waitKey(0)