Python Requests库发送表单与JSON数据详解
发布时间：2026-10-14| 6人浏览过
本文介绍如何使用Python的requests库发送HTTP请求。重点讲解通过data参数传递字典或元组列表来提交表单数据，以及通过json参数直接传递字典或手动序列化JSON字符串的方法，帮助开发者掌握常见的数据提交方式。
导入Python爬虫库Requests
在Python开发中，导入requests库是进行网络请求的第一步。
import requests发送表单数据
一、发送表单数据
若需发送标准的表单数据，只需将包含键值对的字典赋值给data参数即可。
payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)
print(r.text)
{"args":{},"data":"","files":{},"form":{"key1":"value1","key2":"value2"},"headers":{"Accept":"*/*","Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate","Connection":"close","Content-Length":"23","Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded","Host":"httpbin.org","User-Agent":"python-requests/2.14.2"},"json":null,"origin":"110.18.198.88","url":"http://httpbin.org/post"}此外，还可以向data参数传递一个元组列表。这种方式适用于需要多个值对应同一个键名的场景，因为字典的键名必须唯一，而元组列表能保留重复的键。
payload = (('key1', 'value1'), ('key1', 'value2'))
r = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data=payload)
print(r.text)
{"args":{},"data":"","files":{},"form":{"key1":["value1","value2"]},"headers":{"Accept":"*/*","Accept-Encoding":"gzip, deflate","Connection":"close","Content-Length":"23","Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded","Host":"httpbin.org","User-Agent":"python-requests/2.14.2"},"json":null,"origin":"110.18.198.88","url":"http://httpbin.org/post"}发送字符串(JSON)数据
二、发送字符串(JSON)数据
如果希望以字符串形式发送JSON数据，可以将JSON字符串直接赋值给data参数。
import json
url = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint'
payload = {'some': 'data'}
r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(payload))更推荐的做法是，将字典直接赋值给json参数，requests库会自动将其序列化为JSON格式。
url = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint'
payload = {'some': 'data'}
r = requests.post(url,json=payload)更多关于Python爬虫库requests的使用方法请查看下面的相关链接
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