Python操作MySQL数据库实现增删查改功能的方法
发布时间：2026-10-13| 2人浏览过
本文介绍了使用Python操作MySQL数据库实现增删查改功能的方法。通过示例代码展示了如何连接数据库、创建和删除表、插入数据以及查询数据。文章还提供了相关教程链接，帮助读者深入学习Python数据库编程技巧。
本文实例介绍了利用Python操作MySQL数据库实现增删查改功能的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
#coding=utf-8
import MySQLdb
class Mysql_Oper:
def __init__(self,host,user,passwd,db):
self.host=host
self.user=user
self.passwd=passwd
self.database=db
def db_connecet(self):
try:
#连接
conn=MySQLdb.connect(host=self.host,user=self.user,passwd=self.passwd,db=self.database,charset="utf8")
cursor = conn.cursor()
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
def drop_table(self,table):
try:
#删除表
sql = "drop table if exists" + table
cursor.execute(sql)
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
def create_table(self,table):
try:
if table=="dept":
#创建
sql = "create table if not exists dept(deptno int primary key, dname varchar(50),loc varchar(50))"
cursor.execute(sql)
elif table=="emp":
sql == "create table if not exists emp(empno INT PRIMARY KEY,ename VARCHAR(50),job VARCHAR(50),mgr INT,hiredate DATE,sal DECIMAL(7,2),COMM DECIMAL(7,2),deptno INT,loc varchar(50),CONSTRAINT fk_emp FOREIGN KEY(mgr) REFERENCES emp(empno))"
cursor.execute(sql)
elif table=="salgrade":
sql = "create table if not exists salgrade(grade INT PRIMARY KEY,losal INT,hisal INT)"
cursor.execute(sql)
elif table=="stu":
#创建
sql = "create table if not exists dept(sid INT PRIMARY KEY,sname VARCHAR(50),age INT,gander VARCHAR(10),province VARCHAR(50),tuition INT)"
cursor.execute(sql)
else:
print u"输入错误的表名，表明为dept、emp、salgrade、stu..."
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
def inser_onedata_table(self,table):
try:
if table=="dept":
sql = "insert into dept values(%s,%s,%s)"
param = (40, 'cai wu bu', 'wu han')
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'insert',n
elif table=="emp":
sql = "insert into emp values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)"
param = (1009, 'a niu', 'dong shi zhang', NULL, '2001-11-17', 50000, NULL, 10)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'insert',n
elif table=="salgrade":
sql = "insert into salgrade values(%s,%s,%s)"
param = (1, 7000, 12000)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'insert',n
elif table=="stu":
sql = "insert into stu values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)"
param = ('1', '001', '23', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500')
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'insert',n
else:
print u"输入错误的表名，表明为dept、emp、salgrade、stu..."
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
def inser_muldata_table(self,table):
try:
if table=="dept":
sql = "insert into dept values(%s,%s,%s)"
param = ((10, 'jiao yan bu', 'bei jing'),(20, 'xue gong bu', 'shang hai'),(30, 'xiao shou bu', 'guang zhou'))
n = cursor.executemany(sql,param)
print 'insert',n
elif table=="emp":
sql = "insert into emp values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)"
param = ((1004, 'liu bei', 'jing li', 1009, '2001-04-02', 29750, NULL, 20),
(1006, 'guan yu', 'jing li', 1009, '2001-05-01', 28500, NULL, 30),
(1008, 'zhu ge liang', 'fen xi shi', 1004, '2007-04-19', 30000, NULL, 20),
(1013, 'pang', 'fen xi shi', 1004, '2001-12-03', 30000, NULL, 20),
(1002, 'dai', 'xiao shou yuan', 1006, '2001-02-20', 16000, 3000, 30),
(1003, 'tian zheng', 'xiao shou yuan', 1006, '2001-02-22', 12500, 5000, 30),
(1005, 'xie xun', 'xiao shou yuan', 1006, '2001-09-28', 12500, 14000, 30),
(1010, 'wei yi xiao', 'xiao shou yuan', 1006, '2001-09-08', 15000, 0, 30)
)
n = cursor.executemany(sql,param)
print 'insert',n
elif table=="salgrade":
sql = "insert into salgrade values(%s,%s,%s)"
param = ((2, 12010, 14000),(3, 14010, 20000),(4, 20010, 30000),(5, 30010, 99990))
n = cursor.executemany(sql,param)
print 'insert',n
elif table=="stu":
sql = "insert into stu values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)"
param = ( ('2', '002', '25', 'nan', 'liao ning', '2500'),
('3', '003', '22', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('4', '004', '25', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500'),
('5', '005', '23', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1000'),
('6', '006', '22', 'nv', 'shan dong', '2500'),
('7', '007', '21', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1600'),
('8', '008', '23', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('9', '009', '23', 'nv', 'guang zhou', '2500'),
('10', '010', '18', 'nan', 'shan xi', '3500'),
('11', '011', '23', 'nan', 'hu bei', '4500'),
('12', '011', '24', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500'),
('13', '011', '24', 'nan', 'liao ning', '2500'),
('14', '011', '22', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('15', '011', '25', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500'),
('16', '011', '23', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1000'),
('17', '011', '22', 'nv', 'shan dong', '2500'),
('18', '011', '21', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1600'),
('19', '011', '23', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('20', '011', '23', 'nv', 'guang zhou', '2500'),
('21', '011', '18', 'nan', 'shan xi', '3500'),
('22', '011', '23', 'nan', 'hu bei', '4500'),
('23', '011', '23', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500'),
('24', '011', '25', 'nan', 'liao ning', '2500'),
('25', '011', '22', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('26', '011', '25', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500'),
('27', '011', '23', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1000'),
('28', '011', '22', 'nv', 'shan dong', '2500'),
('29', '011', '21', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1600'),
('30', '011', '23', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('31', '011', '23', 'nv', 'guang zhou', '2500'),
('32', '011', '18', 'nan', 'shan xi', '3500'),
('33', '033', '23', 'nan', 'hu bei', '4500'),
('34', '034', '23', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500'),
('35', '035', '25', 'nan', 'liao ning', '2500'),
('36', '036', '22', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('37', '037', '25', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500'),
('38', '038', '23', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1000'),
('39', '039', '22', 'nv', 'shan dong', '2500'),
('40', '040', '21', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1600'),
('41', '041', '23', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('42', '042', '23', 'nv', 'guang zhou', '2500'),
('43', '043', '18', 'nan', 'shan xi', '3500'),
('44', '044', '23', 'nan', 'hu bei', '4500'),
('45', '045', '23', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500'),
('46', '046', '25', 'nan', 'liao ning', '2500'),
('47', '047', '22', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('48', '048', '25', 'nan', 'bei jing', '1500'),
('49', '049', '23', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1000'),
('50', '050', '22', 'nv', 'shan dong', '2500'),
('51', '051', '21', 'nv', 'bei jing', '1600'),
('52', '052', '23', 'nan', 'bei jing', '3500'),
('53', '053', '23', 'nv', 'guang zhou', '2500'),
('54', '054', '18', 'nan', 'shan xi', '3500'),
('55', '055', '23', 'nan', 'hu bei', '4500')
)
n = cursor.executemany(sql,param)
print 'insert',n
else:
print u"输入错误的表名，表明为dept、emp、salgrade、stu..."
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
def update_table(self,table,no,upno):
try:
if table=="dept":
#创建
sql = "update dept set deptno=%s where deptno=" +no
param = (upno)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'update',n
elif table=="emp":
sql = "update emp set empno=%s where empno=" +no
param = (upno)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'update',n
elif table=="salgrade":
sql = "update salgrade set grade=%s where grade=" +no
param = (upno)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'update',n
elif table=="stu":
sql = "update stu set sname=%s where sname=" +no
param = (upno)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'update',n
else:
print u"输入错误的表名，表明为dept、emp、salgrade、stu..."
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
def query_data(self,table):
try:
#查询
sql="select * from "+table
n = cursor.execute(sql)
print cursor.fetchall()
for row in cursor.fetchall():
print row
for r in row:
print r
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
def delete_data(self,table,no)
try:
if table=="dept":
sql = "delete from dept where deptno=%s"
param = (upno)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'delete',n
elif table=="emp":
sql = "delete from emp where empno=%s"
param = (upno)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'delete',n
elif table=="salgrade":
sql = "delete from salgrade where grade=%s"
param = (upno)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'delete',n
elif table=="stu":
sql = "delete from stu where sname=%s "
param = (upno)
n = cursor.execute(sql,param)
print 'delete',n
else:
print u"输入错误的表名，表明为dept、emp、salgrade、stu..."
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
del down_db(self):
try:
cursor.close()
#提交
conn.commit()
#关闭
conn.close()
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
mysqlDB=Mysql_Oper("127.0.0.1","root","root","exam")
mysqlDB.db_connecet()
mysqlDB.drop_table("dept")
for table in ["dept","emp","salgrade","stu"]
mysqlDB.create_table(table)
mysqlDB.inser_onedata_table(table)
mysqlDB.inser_muldata_table(table)
mysqlDB.query_data(table)
mysqlDB.down_db()
后续计划将数据整合到CSV文件中，以便对数据进行进一步操作。
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