Python打印直角三角形、等边三角形、菱形及正方形的完整代码示例

#coding:utf-8
rows = int(raw_input('输入列数： '))
i = j = k = 1 #声明变量，i用于控制外层循环（图形行数），j用于控制空格的个数，k用于控制*的个数
#等腰直角三角形1
print "等腰直角三角形1"
for i in range(0, rows):
 for k in range(0, rows - i):
  print " * ", #注意这里的","，一定不能省略，可以起到不换行的作用
  k += 1
 i += 1
 print "\n"

i = 1
while i <= 5:
  j = 1
  while j <=i:
    print '*',
    j+=1
  print '\n'
  i+=1

for i in range(1, 6):
  for j in range(1, i+1):
    print "*",
  print '\n'

print "打印空心等边三角形，这里去掉if-else条件判断就是实心的"
for i in range(0, rows + 1):#变量i控制行数
 for j in range(0, rows - i):#(1,rows-i)
  print " ",
  j += 1
 for k in range(0, 2 * i - 1):#(1,2*i)
  if k == 0 or k == 2 * i - 2 or i == rows:
   if i == rows:
    if k % 2 == 0:#因为第一个数是从0开始的，所以要是偶数打印*，奇数打印空格
     print "*",
    else:
     print " ", #注意这里的","，一定不能省略，可以起到不换行的作用
   else:
    print "*",
  else:
   print " ",
  k += 1
 print "\n"
 i += 1

print "打印空心等菱形，这里去掉if-else条件判断就是实心的"
for i in range(rows):#变量i控制行数
 for j in range(rows - i):#(1,rows-i)
  print " ",
  j += 1
 for k in range(2 * i - 1):#(1,2*i)
  if k == 0 or k == 2 * i - 2:
   print "*",
  else:
   print " ",
  k += 1
 print "\n"
 i += 1
 #菱形的下半部分
for i in range(rows):
 for j in range(i):#(1,rows-i)
  print " ",
  j += 1
 for k in range(2 * (rows - i) - 1):#(1,2*i)
  if k == 0 or k == 2 * (rows - i) - 2:
   print "*",
  else:
   print " ",
  k += 1
 print "\n"
 i += 1

print "实心正方形"
for i in range(0, rows):
 for k in range(0, rows):
  print " * ", #注意这里的","，一定不能省略，可以起到不换行的作用
  k += 1
 i += 1
 print "\n"

print "空心正方形"
for i in range(0, rows):
 for k in range(0, rows):
  if i != 0 and i != rows - 1:
   if k == 0 or k == rows - 1:
    #由于视觉效果看起来更像正方形，所以这里*两侧加了空格，增大距离
    print " * ", #注意这里的","，一定不能省略，可以起到不换行的作用
   else:
     print " ", #该处有三个空格
  else:
   print " * ", #这里*两侧加了空格
  k += 1
 i += 1
 print "\n"

def displayPattern(n):
 dict = {}
 for i in range(0, int(n)): 
  '''
  int(i)+ 2:左闭右开 
   eg: n = 3,
    i = 0,打印[1] i = 1,打印[1,2]...
  str(j)[::-1] : 单个字符串反转 eg:12 ===>21
  键值对形式，添加到字典里面
  '''
  dict[i] = [str(j)[::-1] for j in range(1,int(i)+ 2)]
 listNum = []
 # print(dict)
 for key,value in dict.items():
  '''
  {0: ['1'], 1: ['1', '2'], 2: ['1', '2', '3'],3: ['1', '2', '3', '4'],
  循环取出字典中的value(对应的列表)
  去除[]，（将逗号，替换成空格， 将单引号'替换成空）===>添加到list列表
  '''
  value = str(value).strip('[]').replace(',','\t').replace("'",'')
  listNum.append(value)
  # print(value)
 for k in range(0,int(n)):
  '''
  "\t" * %s : 空格*字符串的形式
   % (int(n) - int(k) - 1))))[::-1] ： %：格式化标志 int(n) - int(k) - 1：求有多少空格
  '''
  listNum[k] = (listNum[k] + (eval('"\t" * %s' % (int(n) - int(k) - 1))))[::-1]
  print(listNum[k])
 # print(dict)
 # print(listNum)
 
num = int(input("请输入一个数："))
# 调用函数
displayPattern(num)