Python使用ConfigObj库对.ini配置文件进行增删改查操作

沈亦白

发布时间：2026-10-13| 2人浏览过

原创

本文详细介绍如何利用Python的ConfigObj库对.ini配置文件执行增删改查操作。通过具体代码示例，演示如何安装依赖、添加用户段、修改配置项、删除指定段以及查询并分页输出配置内容，适用于前后端分离场景下的配置文件管理。

前言

本文主要介绍在Python中如何对.ini格式的配置文件进行增加、删除、修改和查询操作。通过具体的代码示例，分享相关实现方法，供读者参考学习。

一、先导入configobj库文件

可以通过pip命令直接安装该库。

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import json

from configobj import ConfigObj

二、增添section

此处以前后端分离架构为例，前端接收JSON数据后，将其写入配置文件。

def add(self, false=None):
 self.log.debug("list")
 try:
  conf_ini = CONFIG_INI_PATH+"users.ini.bak"
  config = ConfigObj(conf_ini, encoding='UTF8')
  req = self.input["input"]
  data = req["data"]
  userName = data["userName"]
  disc = data["disc"]
  ip = data["ip"]
  expMonth = int(float(data["expDate"]) * 12)
  for user in config.items():
   if userName == user[0]:
    self.out = '{"status": 1,"msg":"用户名已存在！"}'
    return false
   else:
    pass
  config[userName] = {}
  config[userName]['user'] = userName
  config[userName]['disc'] = disc
  config[userName]['ip'] = ip
  config[userName]['validity_date'] = data["expDate"]
  config[userName]['cert_expired'] = get_today_month(expMonth)
  config[userName]['enable'] = 0
  config[userName]['path'] = USER_KEY_PATH + userName
  config.write()
  self.out = '{"status": 0,"msg":"操作成功！"}'
 except Exception, e:
  self.out = '{"status":1, "msg":"'+str(e)+'"}'

三、修改section

def modify(self):
 self.log.debug("modify")
 try:
  conf_ini = CONFIG_INI_PATH + "users.ini.bak"
  config = ConfigObj(conf_ini, encoding='UTF8')
  req = self.input["input"]
  data = req["data"]
  userName = data["userName"]
  disc = data["disc"]
  ip = data["ip"]
  config[userName]['disc'] = disc
  config[userName]['ip'] = ip
  config.write()
  self.out = '{"status": 0,"msg":"操作成功！"}'
 except Exception, e:
  self.out = '{"status":1, "msg":"'+str(e)+'"}'

四、删除section

根据section名称定位到相应的配置段，并执行删除操作。

def delete(self, false=None):
 self.log.debug("delete")
 try:
  conf_ini = CONFIG_INI_PATH + "users.ini.bak"
  config = ConfigObj(conf_ini, encoding='UTF8')
  req = self.input["input"]
  data = req["data"]
  userName = data["userName"]
  for user in config.items():
   if userName == user[0]:
    del config[userName]
    config.write()
    self.out = '{"status": 0,"msg":"操作成功！"}'
    return false
   else:
    pass
  self.out = '{"status": 1,"msg":"用户不存在！"}'
 except Exception, e:
  self.out = '{"status":1, "msg":"config err!"}'

五、查询section

利用Python字典结构将配置文件内容整体输出，代码中同时实现了查询及分页功能。

def list(self):
 self.log.debug("list")
 try:
  req = self.input["input"]
  data = req["data"]
  pageSize = req["pageSize"]
  pageIndex = req["pageIndex"]
  userName = data["userName"]
  conf_ini = CONFIG_INI_PATH + "users.ini.bak"
  config = ConfigObj(conf_ini, encoding='UTF8')
  users = []
  n = 0
  if userName == '':
   for user in config.items():
    n = n + 1
    if pageSize * pageIndex + 1 <= n <= pageSize * (pageIndex + 1):
     users.append(user[1])
    else:
     pass
  else:
   for user in config.items():
    if userName == user[0]:
     n = n + 1
     if pageSize * pageIndex + 1 <= n <= pageSize * (pageIndex + 1):
      users.append(user[1])
     else:
      pass
    else:
     pass

  utext = json.dumps(users)
  self.out = '{"status": 0,"total":'+str(n)+',"data":' + utext + '}'
 except Exception, e:
  self.out = '{"status":1, "msg":"' + str(e) + '"}'
 self.log.debug("list in.")

总结

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望这些内容能对大家的编程学习或实际工作有所帮助。如有疑问，欢迎留言交流，感谢支持。