Python使用xml.etree.ElementTree将XML转换为JSON的完整示例

from xml.etree import ElementTree
import json

LISTTYPE = 1
DICTTYPE = 0

def getDictResults(res_dicts, iters):
  result_dicts = {}
  for iter in iters.getchildren():
    iterxml(iter, result_dicts)

  if result_dicts:
    res_dicts[iters.tag].update(result_dicts)

def getListResults(res_dicts, iters):
  result_lists = []
  for iter in iters.getchildren():
    result_dicts = {}
    iterxml(iter, result_dicts)
    result_lists.append(result_dicts.copy())
    del(result_dicts)
  
  if result_lists:
    if len(res_dicts[iters.tag].items()) == 0:
      res_dicts[iters.tag] = result_lists.copy()
    else:
      for resobj in result_lists:
        resobjkey = list(resobj.keys())[0]
        if res_dicts[iters.tag].get(resobjkey) == None:
          res_dicts[iters.tag].update(resobj)
        else:
          if type(res_dicts[iters.tag][resobjkey]) == list:
            res_dicts[iters.tag][resobjkey].append(resobj[resobjkey].copy())
          else:
            old_value = res_dicts[iters.tag][resobjkey]
            res_dicts[iters.tag][resobjkey] = []
            res_dicts[iters.tag][resobjkey].append(old_value)
            res_dicts[iters.tag][resobjkey].append(resobj[resobjkey].copy())

    del(result_lists)

def checkxmlchildrentype(iters):
  taglist = []
  for iter in iters.getchildren():
    taglist.append(iter.tag)

  if len(set(taglist)) == len(taglist):
    return DICTTYPE
  else:
    return LISTTYPE

def getResults(res_dicts, iters):
  if checkxmlchildrentype(iters):
    return getListResults(res_dicts, iters)
  else:
    return getDictResults(res_dicts, iters)

#@res_dicts  {}
def iterxml(iter, res_dicts):
  res_dicts[iter.tag] = {}

  if iter.attrib:
    for k,v in dict(iter.attrib).items():
      res_dicts[iter.tag].update({k : v})
  
  if iter.text is not None and iter.text.strip() != "":
    res_dicts[iter.tag].update({"__XmlTagText__" : iter.text.strip()})
  
  if iter.getchildren():
    getResults(res_dicts, iter)

def parserxmltojson(file_path):
  try:
    tree = ElementTree.parse(file_path)
  except Exception as e:
    #multi-byte encodings are not supported  把字符集改成utf-8就可以
    #encoding specified in XML declaration is incorrect  xml encoding标识和文件的字符集不同
    #syntax error  语法错误，乱码等
    #not well-formed (invalid token)  编辑器点击后字符集被修改成ASCII等，或者文件本身字符集和xml encoding不相同
    print("Parser {} Error, Errmsg: {}".format(file_path, e))
    return ""

  if tree is None:
    print("{} is None.".format(file_path))
    return ""

  root = tree.getroot()

  report = {}
  iterxml(root, report)
  #return getDictResults(root)

  return report

if __name__ == "__main__":
  jsonret = parserxmltojson("test.xml")
  with open("test.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as fd:
    fd.write(json.dumps(jsonret, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4))
  print(json.dumps(jsonret, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4))