Flask框架路由与视图函数详解：参数、转换器及配置加载

#1.导入Flask类
from flask import Flask
#2.创建Flask对象接收一个参数__name__，它会指向程序所在的包
app = Flask(__name__)
#3.装饰器的作用是将路由映射到视图函数index
@app.route('/')
def index():
  return 'Hello World'
#4.Flask应用程序实例的run方法,启动WEB服务器
if __name__ == '__main__':
  app.run()

from flask import Flask
from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter
#1.自定义类,继承自BaseConverter
class MyRegexConverter(BaseConverter):
  # 2.编写方法, init
  def __init__(self,map,regex):
    # 3.初始化, 父类, 子类变量
    super(MyRegexConverter, self).__init__(map)
    self.regex = regex
app = Flask(__name__)
# 4.将自定义转换器添加到,系统默认的转换列表中
app.url_map.converters["re"] = MyRegexConverter
print(app.url_map.converters)
# 接收三位整数
# 通过re调用的init方法, 参数1[默认]: app.url_map, 参数2: 自己定义的规则
@app.route('/<re("\d{3}"):number>')
def hello_world(number):
  return "the re number is %s"%number
# 接收四位整数
@app.route('/<re("\d{4}"):number>')
def get_four_number(number):
  return "the four number is %s"%number
# 接收手机号
@app.route('/<re("1[3456789]\d{9}"):mobile>')
def get_mobile_number(mobile):
  return "the mobile number is %s"%mobile
if __name__ == '__main__':
  app.run()

@app.route("/路径",methods=["⽅式1","方式2"])

return "hello","666",{"name":"zhangsan"}

response = make_response("响应体")
response.status = "状态码 状态码描述"
response.headers = {响应头键值对}
(response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json")
return response

jsonify(dict)
jsonify(key=value,key2=value2)

"""
url_for, 反解析,根据视图函数名称找到,视图函数的路径地址,可以携带参数
格式: url_for('函数名',key=value), 返回的是一个地址(字符串)
"""""
from flask import Flask,url_for,redirect
app = Flask(__name__)
# 京东, 代号111
@app.route('/jingdong')
def jingdong():
  #print(url_for("taobao")) #/taobao
  # print(url_for("taobao",token=111)) #/taobao/111
  response = redirect(url_for("taobao",token=111))
  return response
#易迅, 代号222
@app.route('/yixun')
def yixun():
  response = redirect(url_for("taobao",token=222))
  return response
@app.route('/other')
def other():
  response = redirect(url_for("taobao",token=888))
  return response
# 淘宝
@app.route('/taobao/<int:token>')
def taobao(token):
  #判断哪个平台过来的用户
  if(token == 111):
    return "欢迎京东用户,光临淘宝,给你打9折"
  elif(token == 222):
    return "欢迎易迅用户,光临淘宝,给你打5折"
  else:
    return "其他用户"
if __name__ == '__main__':
  app.run()

abort(code)

code为HTTP错误状态码
@app.errorhandler(code)
def fun():
…

class Config(object):
  #调试模式
  DEBUG=True
app.config.from_object(Config)

app.config.from_pyfile("config.ini")

app.config.from_envvar()