Python实现邮件发送：从基础到HTML与附件的完整指南

import smtplib
import email
# MIME 多邮件扩充协议
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

host = 'smtp.163.com' # 使用163邮箱
port = '465' # 163邮箱服务器的端口号
sender = 'xxxxxx@163.com' # 发送者的邮箱
password = 'xxxxxx' # 授权码
receiver = 'xxxxxx' # 接收者的邮箱，可以为其他类型的邮箱，如果是多个接收者请传入列表

​body = 'xxx' # 你要发送的邮件的内容
subject = 'xxx' # 你要发送的邮件的标题
 
# plain表示邮件内容的类型，文本类型默认是plain。utf-8表示内容的编码格式。
message = MIMEText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8')
message['From'] = sender # 发送者
message['To'] = receiver # 接收者
message['Subject'] = subject # 邮件标题

# 获取SMTP协议证书
email_clint = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(host, port)
# 登陆邮箱，这里也是用授权码登陆邮箱的
login_result = email_clint.login(sender, password)
# 发送邮件
email_clent.sendmail(from_addr=sender, to_addrs=receiver, msg=message.as_string())
# 关闭邮件发送客户端
email_client.close()

import email
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
 
class SendEmail(object):
 def __init__(self):
 self.host = 'smtp.163.com'
 self.port = '465'
 self.sender = 'xxxxxx@163.com'
 self.password = 'xxxxxx'
 
 def send_email(self, receiver, subject='', body=''):
 message = MIMEText(body, 'plain', 'utf-8')
 message['From'] = self.sender
 message['To'] = receiver
 message['Subject'] = subject
 
 try:
  email_clint = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.host, self.port)
  print('获取证书成功')
  login_result = email_clint.login(self.sender, self.password)
  print('开始登陆')
  if login_result[0] == 235:
  print('登陆成功')
  email_clint.sendmail(self.sender, receiver, message.as_string())
  print('邮件发送成功')
  else:
  print('登陆失败')
 except Exception as e:
  print('发生错误', e)

message = MIMEText('<h2 style="color">学习使我快乐</h2>', 'html', 'utf-8')

# related 表示使用内嵌资源的形式，将邮件发送给对方
message = MIMEMultipart('related')

# ---------------发送文本-----------------
message_html = MIMEText('<h2 style="color:red;font-size:100px">学习使我快乐</h2><img src="cid:small">','html','utf-8')
# 将邮件内容 装入到邮件信息当中去
message.attach(message_html)
# ---------------发送图片-----------------
# rb 读取二进制文件（图片是二进制文件）
image_data = open('1.gif','rb')
# 设置读取获取的二进制数据
message_image = MIMEImage(image_data.read())
# 关闭刚才打开的文件
image_data.close()
message_image.add_header('Content-ID','small')
# 添加图片文件到邮件信息当中去
message.attach(message_image)

message['From'] = sender # 发送者
message['To'] = receiver # 接收者
message['Subject'] = subject # 邮件标题
​
email_clint = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(host, port)
login_result = email_clint.login(sender, password)
email_clent.sendmail(from_addr=sender, to_addrs=receiver, msg=message.as_string())
email_client.close()

# 对二进制文件需要设置默认的编码形式
# 对于MIMEText()来说 默认的编码形式就是base64
# 如果对于二进制文件来说 没有设置base64进行编码 则附件的就会呈现乱码
# --------------------添加图片附件----------------------
message_image = MIMEText(open('1.gif','rb').read(),'base64','utf-8')
# 设置附件在邮件中的名字
message_image['Content-disposition'] = 'attachment;filename="happy.gif"'
message.attach(message_image)
 
# --------------------添加xlsx表格附件---------------
message_xlsx = MIMEText(open('table.xlsx','rb').read(),'base64','utf-8')
# 设置附件在邮件当中的名字
message_xlsx['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;filename="test.xlsx"'
message.attach(message_xlsx)