Python使用smtplib和email模块发送带附件邮件的完整脚本

晚来风
晚来风
发布时间:2026-10-13| 6人浏览过
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本文提供基于Python标准库smtplib和email模块的邮件发送脚本。代码演示了如何配置SMTP服务器、构建MIMEMultipart对象以支持纯文本及附件,并通过命令行参数接收收件人、主题及内容文件路径。脚本包含UTF-8到GB2312编码转换逻辑,适用于需要批量发送带附件邮件的场景,代码可直接参考运行。

本文提供了一份基于Python标准库的具体代码示例,旨在展示如何发送邮件,供读者参考学习。

#!/usr/bin/env python 
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
import smtplib 
import sys 
from email.mime.text import MIMEText 
import linecache 
import email 
import os 
 
 
##################### 
# set email service host,user,pass word,postfix 
mail_host="smtp.exmail.qq.com" 
mail_user="username" 
mail_pass="password" 
mail_postfix="qq.com" 
###################### 
 
def transfer_utf8_to_gb2312(file_name): 
 f=open(file_name) 
 s=f.read() 
 f.close() 
 u=s.decode("utf-8") 
 s=u.encode("gb2312") 
 f=open(file_name,"w"); 
 f.write(s) 
 
 
def send_mail(to_list,sub,content_file_name): 
 me=mail_user+"<"+mail_user+"@"+mail_postfix+">" 
 msg = email.MIMEMultipart.MIMEMultipart() 
 content = open(content_file_name.encode("utf-8"), 'rb') 
 content_msg = MIMEText(content.read(),"plain","utf-8") 
 msg.attach(content_msg) 
 msg['Subject'] = sub 
 msg['From'] = me 
 msg['To'] = ";".join(to_list) 
 try: 
  s = smtplib.SMTP() 
  s.connect(mail_host) 
  s.login(mail_user+"@"+mail_postfix,mail_pass) 
  s.sendmail(me, to_list, msg.as_string()) 
  s.close() 
  return True 
 except Exception, e: 
  print "error:",str(e) 
  return False 
 
def send_mail_with_attachment(to_list,sub,content_file_name,attachment_file_name): 
 me=mail_user+"<"+mail_user+"@"+mail_postfix+">" 
 msg = email.MIMEMultipart.MIMEMultipart() 
 content = open(content_file_name.encode("utf-8"), 'rb') 
 content_msg = MIMEText(content.read(),"plain","utf-8") 
 msg.attach(content_msg) 
 for tmp_attachment_file_name in attachment_file_name.split(","): 
  contype = 'application/octet-stream' 
  maintype, subtype = contype.split('/', 1) 
  file_data = open(tmp_attachment_file_name.encode("utf-8"), 'rb') 
  file_msg = email.MIMEBase.MIMEBase(maintype, subtype) 
  file_msg.set_payload(file_data.read()) 
  file_data.close( ) 
  email.Encoders.encode_base64(file_msg) 
  basename = os.path.basename(tmp_attachment_file_name) 
  file_msg.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename = basename.encode("utf-8")) 
  msg.attach(file_msg) 
 msg['Subject'] = sub 
 msg['From'] = me 
 msg['To'] = ";".join(to_list) 
 try: 
  s = smtplib.SMTP() 
  s.connect(mail_host) 
  s.login(mail_user+"@"+mail_postfix,mail_pass) 
  s.sendmail(me, to_list, msg.as_string()) 
  s.close() 
  return True 
 except Exception, e: 
  print "error:",str(e) 
  return False 
 
def print_usage(): 
  print "Usage: " 
  print "  %s email_send_list(xxx@163.com,xxx@qq.com,...) subject content_file_name" % (sys.argv[0]) 
  print "  %s email_send_list(xxx@163.com,xxx@qq.com,...) subject content_file_name attachment_file_name(file_name1,file_name2,...) if_transform_attachment_to_gb2312(yes or not)" % (sys.argv[0]) 
 
######Start from here######### 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
 reload(sys) 
 sys.setdefaultencoding('utf8') 
 if len(sys.argv) == 6: 
  send_list = sys.argv[1].split(",") 
  subject = unicode(sys.argv[2],"utf-8") 
  content_file_name = unicode(sys.argv[3],"utf-8") 
  attachment_file_name = unicode(sys.argv[4],"utf-8") 
  if(sys.argv[5] == "yes"): 
   transfer_utf8_to_gb2312(attachment_file_name.decode("utf-8")) 
  elif(sys.argv[5] == "not"): 
   pass 
  else: 
   print_usage() 
 
  if send_mail_with_attachment(send_list,subject,content_file_name,attachment_file_name): 
   print "Send email success!" 
  else: 
   print "Send email fail!" 
   sys.exit(1) 
 elif len(sys.argv) == 4: 
  send_list = sys.argv[1].split(",") 
  subject = unicode(sys.argv[2],"utf-8") 
  content_file_name = unicode(sys.argv[3],"utf-8") 
 
  if send_mail(send_list,subject,content_file_name): 
   print "Send email success!" 
  else: 
   print "Send email fail!" 
   sys.exit(1) 
 else: 
  print_usage() 

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