Python编写简易HTTP服务器：从代码到测试

星野

发布时间：2026-10-13| 4人浏览过

原创

本文介绍如何使用Python标准库socket模块编写一个简易的HTTP服务器。通过server.py脚本监听指定IP和端口，接收浏览器请求并返回本地HTML文件内容。文章包含完整代码示例、index.html配置及测试步骤，帮助开发者快速理解HTTP通信基础。

编写一个Python脚本，实现基础的HTTP服务器功能。

在浏览器地址栏中输入目标网站地址：172.20.52.163:20014。

服务器接收到浏览器的请求后，读取本地index.html文件的内容，并将其作为响应回发给浏览器。

具体代码实现如下。

服务器端脚本：server.py

#!/usr/bin/python 
import socket 
import signal 
import errno 
from time import sleep  
 
 
def HttpResponse(header,whtml): 
  f = file(whtml) 
  contxtlist = f.readlines() 
  context = ''.join(contxtlist) 
  response = "%s %d\n\n%s\n\n" % (header,len(context),context) 
  return response 
 
def sigIntHander(signo,frame): 
  print 'get signo# ',signo 
  global runflag 
  runflag = False 
  global lisfd 
  lisfd.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RD) 
 
strHost = "172.20.52.163" 
HOST = strHost #socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET,strHost) 
PORT = 20014 
 
httpheader = '''''\ 
HTTP/1.1 200 OK 
Context-Type: text/html 
Server: Python-slp version 1.0 
Context-Length: ''' 
 
lisfd = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) 
lisfd.bind((HOST, PORT)) 
lisfd.listen(2) 
 
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT,sigIntHander) 
 
runflag = True 
while runflag: 
  try: 
    confd,addr = lisfd.accept() 
  except socket.error as e: 
    if e.errno == errno.EINTR: 
      print 'get a except EINTR' 
    else: 
      raise 
    continue 
 
  if runflag == False: 
    break; 
 
  print "connect by ",addr 
  data = confd.recv(1024) 
  if not data: 
    break 
  print data 
  confd.send(HttpResponse(httpheader,'index.html')) 
  confd.close() 
else: 
  print 'runflag#',runflag 
 
print 'Done'

网页文件：index.html

<html> 
 <head> 
   <title>Python Server</title> 
 </head> 
 <body> 
  <h1>Hello python</h1> 
  <p>Welcom to the python world</br> 
 </body> 
</html>

进行功能测试。

测试结果分析。

root@cloud2:~/slp/pythonLearning/socket# ./server_v1.py 
connect by ('172.20.52.110', 6096)
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 172.20.52.163:20014
Connection: keep-alive
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/33.0.1750.154 Safari/537.36
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en;q=0.6

浏览器端显示效果。