Python使用smtplib和email模块发送带附件邮件的完整示例

夏知夏

发布时间：2026-10-13| 3人浏览过

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本文介绍如何使用Python的smtplib模块连接邮箱服务器发送邮件，以及利用email模块构造包含发件人、收件人、主题、正文和附件的完整邮件结构。通过MIMEMultipart处理多媒体内容，结合代码实例演示如何成功发送包含图片附件的邮件，适用于需要自动化邮件通知或文件传输的场景。

Python发送邮件的核心模块介绍

smtplib模块主要用于执行发送邮件的操作，其核心功能包括连接邮箱服务器、登录邮箱账户，以及将包含发件人、收信人和邮件内容的邮件发送出去。

email模块则负责邮件内容的构造，具体涉及在邮箱页面中显示的各项元素，例如发件人、收件人、邮件主题、正文内容以及附件等。

email模块下包含mime包，mime的全称为“Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions”，即多用途互联网邮件扩展，这是目前互联网电子邮件普遍遵循的技术规范。

在mime包中，常用的模块主要有三个：text、image和multpart。

Python发送带附件邮件的代码实现


import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header

#邮件服务器信息
smtp_server = "smtp.qq.com"
port = 465 # For starttls
sender_email = "12345689@qq.com"
password="" #get password from mailsetting

#发送邮件信息,可以发送给多个收件人
receivers=["12345689@163.com","12345689@qq.com"]
subject="This is import Python SMTP 邮件(文件传输) 多媒体测试"

# message = MIMEText(text, "plain", "utf-8") #文本邮件
message = MIMEMultipart()
message["Subject"] = Header(subject, "utf-8")
message["from"] = sender_email
message["to"] = ",".join(receivers)
# 邮件正文内容
text="""
Dear Sir:
how are you ? \n
for detail information pls refer to attach1。\n
The files you need are as followed.\n
If you have any concern pls let me known.\n
enjoy your weekend.\n
BEST REGARDS \n
"""
# message.attach(MIMEText('for detail information pls refer to attach1。\n The files you need are as followed. \n If you have any concern pls let me known. \n enjoy your weekend', 'plain', 'utf-8')
message.attach(MIMEText(text,'plain','utf-8'))

# 构造附件1
attach_file1='IMG1965.JPG'

attach1 = MIMEText(open(attach_file1, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
attach1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
attach1["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename={0}'.format(attach_file1)
message.attach(attach1)

# 构造附件2
attach_file2='YLJ.jpg'
attach2 = MIMEText(open(attach_file2, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
attach2["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
attach2["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename={0}'.format(attach_file2)
message.attach(attach2)

# Try to log in to server and send email
# server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server,port)
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server,port)

try:
  server.login(sender_email, password)
  server.sendmail(sender_email,receivers,message.as_string())
  print("邮件发送成功!!!")
  print("Mail with {0} & {1} has been send to {2} successfully.".format(attach_file1,attach_file2,receivers))
except Exception as e:
  # Print any error messages to stdout
  print("Error: 无法发送邮件")
  print(e)
finally:
  server.quit()