Python高效去除字符串标点符号：translate与maketrans用法详解

import re 
temp = "司法局让我和户 1 5. 8 0. ！！？？ 客户维护户外" 
temp = temp.decode("utf8") 
string = re.sub("[\s+\.\!\/_,$%^*(+\"\']+|[+——！，。？、~@#￥%……&*（）]+".decode("utf8"), "".decode("utf8"),temp) 
print string 

'''引入string模块'''
import string
'''使用标点符号常量'''
string.punctuation
text = "*/@》--【】--12()测试*()"

'''去除字符串中所有的字符，可增加自定义字符'''
def strclear(text,newsign=''):
  import string # 引入string模块
  signtext = string.punctuation + newsign # 引入英文符号常量，可附加自定义字符，默认为空
  signrepl = '@'*len(signtext) # 引入符号列表长度的替换字符
  signtable = str.maketrans(signtext,signrepl) # 生成替换字符表
  return text.translate(signtable).replace('@','') # 最后将替换字符替换为空即可

strclear(text,'》【】')

static str.maketrans(x[, y[, z]])
This static method returns a translation table usable for str.translate().

If there is only one argument, 
it must be a dictionary mapping Unicode ordinals (integers) or characters (strings of length 1) to Unicode ordinals, 
strings (of arbitrary lengths) or None. Character keys will then be converted to ordinals.

If there are two arguments, 
they must be strings of equal length, 
and in the resulting dictionary, 
each character in x will be mapped to the character at the same position in y. 
If there is a third argument, it must be a string, whose characters will be mapped to None in the result.

import string

i = 'Hello, how are you!'

i.translate(str.maketrans('', '', string.punctuation))
>>>'Hello how are you'

　i = 'hello world i am li'
　i.translate(str.maketrans('','','l'))

>>>'heo word i am i'